ROSH Gastrointestinal Practice Exam

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What serologic profile indicates immunity to hepatitis B virus due to vaccination?

Hepatitis B core antibody positive, hepatitis B surface antibody positive
Hepatitis B surface antigen negative, hepatitis B surface antibody positive
Hepatitis B surface antigen positive, hepatitis B e antigen positive
Hepatitis B surface antigen positive, hepatitis B surface antibody negative

The correct answer is: Hepatitis B surface antigen negative, hepatitis B surface antibody positive

The serologic profile indicative of immunity to hepatitis B virus due to vaccination is characterized by the presence of hepatitis B surface antibody while being negative for hepatitis B surface antigen. When a person has received the hepatitis B vaccine, their immune system responds by producing antibodies specifically against the hepatitis B surface antigen, which confers protection against future infections. In this profile, the absence of hepatitis B surface antigen signals that the person is not currently infected with the virus. The presence of the surface antibody confirms that the individual has developed an immune response as a result of vaccination. This distinction is critical in determining whether an individual has immunity due to vaccination or if they are still at risk of infection. The other mentioned profiles involve situations of active infection or are not indicative of vaccination-induced immunity, which helps clarify their roles in the context of hepatitis B infection and immunity.