ROSH Gastrointestinal Practice Exam

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What is a common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Dysphagia
Diarrhea
Constipation
Bloating

The correct answer is: Dysphagia

Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is a common symptom associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This condition occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, leading to irritation and inflammation. The resulting inflammation can cause the esophagus to narrow, making it uncomfortable or painful to swallow, which manifests as dysphagia. While other symptoms can accompany GERD, they typically focus on digestive discomfort rather than the swallowing difficulties directly caused by esophageal irritation. For example, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating are generally not specific to GERD and are more indicative of other gastrointestinal issues. In contrast, dysphagia clearly reflects the impact of GERD on the esophagus and is an important clinical sign that can help in diagnosing the condition effectively.